Epidemiological profile of oropharynx cancer in Brazil from 2013 to 2022
José Carlos Barauna Neto, Mariana Ronchesel Barauna, Karyme Guanaes Aota
Abstract
Introduction: Oropharyngeal cancer, a malignant neoplasm of the head and neck, predominantly presents as squamous cell carcinoma. It is often diagnosed in advanced stages, negatively impacting quality of life. Diagnosis involves biopsy with histopathological examination, clinical staging, and supplementary tests. Major risk factors include alcohol and tobacco use, along with human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Objective: To outline the epidemiological profile of oropharyngeal cancer in Brazil across a decade. Methods: This descriptive, observational, epidemiological study utilized DATASUS data on oropharyngeal cancer cases from 2013 to 2022. Data analysis covered the Federative Unit (FU) of residence, patient demographics (sex and age group), and disease stage. Average annual incidence rates were derived from a literature review using the PubMed, SciELO, and INCA databases. Results: The study identified 37,124 cases of oropharyngeal cancer. São Paulo emerged as the FU with the highest patient count (7,839; 21.11%). Males accounted for 83.75% of cases, with the most significant sex discrepancy occurring in 2015 (86.37%). The predominant age group affected was those above 50, especially between 55 and 59 (7,360; 19.82%). Stage 4 disease was observed in 43.88% of cases, whereas stage 0 comprised 3.18%. Conclusion: Oropharyngeal cancer in Brazil predominantly afflicts men over 50, with most cases diagnosed at advanced stages. There were no data linking alcohol and tobacco consumption or HPV infection to the incidence rates, indicating the need for further studies.
Keywords
References
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Submitted date:
07/05/2023
Accepted date:
11/27/2023
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